Benefit Tourism (Health Tourism)
A scheme in which individuals travel to the United Kingdom from other countries, usually from those in the 25 member-state European Union (EU), to take advantage of the British welfare system. Soon after they arrive, they apply for a Job-seeker’s Allowance (unemployment benefit) or other social security benefits. Other scheming visitors seek medical attention that is free or cheaper in the U.K. and provided with greater privacy. This is a thriving business, and some hospitals have hotels and restaurants on site. Britain introduced the “Habitual Residence Rule” in 1996 to establish minimum requirements for eligibility for benefits. The rule withstood test cases before the European Court of Justice in 2004 concerning discrimination on grounds of nationality and the rights of EU citizens. A new national identity card is being tested with 10,000 volunteers in 2004 and features biometric data, fingerprints and iris scans. The identity card will be introduced nationwide in 2007 to help protect Britain from terrorism, identity fraud, and “benefit tourism.”
“EU Court Rejects “Benefit Tourism”Appeal,” EU Business, www.eubusiness.com/afp/
040323124034.d1icyhau, March 23, 2004
 

Chief Privacy Officer (CPO)
A corporate executive in charge of maintaining the privacy and confidentiality of company, employee, and customer data. There are 300 Chief Privacy Officers in the United States. Half of those CPOs are part of the legal departments. Others are part of the marketing or information systems security departments. The formal title is relatively new – American Express first appointed a CPO in 2004 and IBM in 2000. A 1998 U.S. Presidential Directive called on all federal agencies to designate a Chief Privacy Officer. Financial services, insurance, and healthcare companies were among the first to establish the position. The European Union, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPPA) mandated privacy positions. Other privacy issues that require increased supervision are “Do Not Call” registries, online marketing that could be considered spam, computer network hacking, identity theft, Web site privacy disclosures, and Internet fraud. The International Association of Privacy Professionals (IAPP) developed the Certified Privacy Professional (CPP) program.
Edward Hurley, “CPO: An Enterprise Point-Person for Privacy,” SecuritySearch.com,
searchsecurity.techtarget.com/originalContent/
0,289142,sid14_gci876634,00.html, January 27, 2003.
 

Chrematophobia (Chrometophobia)
A psychological term for an abnormal and persistent fear of money. A fear or dislike of wealth. A fear of touching money. This may sound like the rarest complaint known to man. Some people fear money because it is contaminated with cocaine, dirt, germs, or terrorist toxins. Tibet’s first paper currency was hand printed on rice paper using ink extracted from leaves and yak dung. Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919), the steel industrialist and philanthropist, developed chrematophobia toward the end of his life. Offended by the sight and smell of money, he refused to carry any cash. Some who have this condition fear that ill-gotten money may be cursed. Chrematophobia can cause panic attacks and keep people apart from loved ones and business associates. Hypnosis and phobia clinics, legitimate or not, are available on the Internet to help patients overcome their fears and take their money.
“Trivial Money Matters,” FW The Art of Living, www.myfw.com/money/Article_100014.asp, April 29, 2004.
Cartoon: Dr. Hemant Morparia, MD, Bombay Times, http://www.thebestmedicalcare.com/
humour/archive1.htm
 

Financial Action Task Force
(FATF, Groupe d’Action Financière, GAFI)
The Financial Action Task Force was established in Paris in 1989 by the G-7 Summit, the Group of Seven industrialized, market-economy democracies. The FATF is an inter-governmental body that develops and promotes policies to combat money laundering and terrorist financing at national and international levels. It has 33 countries as members plus 23 organizations as observers. The task force issued a set of “Forty Recommendations” to reflect changes that have occurred in money laundering in 2003. Their Web site lists “Non-Cooperative Countries and Territories (NCCTs)” with weak anti-money laundering and regulatory controls, including the Cook Islands, Guatemala, Indonesia, Myanmar (Burma), Nauru, Nigeria, and the Philippines. After the tragic events of 9/11/2001, the Financial Action Task Force issued “Eight Special Recommendations” to deny access for terrorists and their supporters to the international financial system.
“More about the FATF and Its Work,” www1.oecd.org/fatf/AboutFATF_en.htm, January 4, 2004.
 

Glyph (DataGlyph)
A technology developed by Xerox for encoding machine-readable data onto paper documents or other physical media. Each element or glyph is a slanted 45-degree line, as short as 1/100^th of an inch. Each glyph represents a single binary 0 or 1, depending on whether it slopes to the left or to the right. A standard scanner can read the encoded data and translate it into the original text format. Then, it can be photocopied or uploaded to a computer. Glyph technology allows ordinary business documents to carry thousands of characters of information hidden as evenly textured gray patterns, backgrounds, shading, or conventional graphics. A glyph can be a form of steganography as well as a data storage method. Often its presence goes completely unnoticed. It could be used to mark intellectual property, auto parts,or to encrypt demographic and recipient data on direct mail pieces and coupons. Glyphs can be varied in size and placed anywhere on a page, label, or business card. Glyph codes can be read even if the paper has been crumpled, torn, photocopied, faxed, stapled, or scribbled on.
Jordan Gruber, “Smart Paper,” Wired Magazine, December 1994, www.wired.com/wired/archive/
2.12/eword.html?pg=6.
Eye photos: Parc Research, www.parc.com/research/
asd/projects/dataglyphs/
 

ã Copyright 2004 Larry C. Adams.
All rights reserved.
 

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